The jade in Chinese culture has a wide connotation. Han Xu Shen said in "Said Wen Jie Zi" that jade, stone beauty and five virtues. In ancient China, where there were tough textures, lustrous luster, brilliant colors, dense and transparent organization, and the beauty of Shu Yang’s voice, they were all considered jade. China's jade crafts have a long history and have a glorious history of 7,000 years. Good jade is the elite of mountains and rivers, and the humanity is beautiful. The "exquisite humanity" is about the beauty of the jade, the beauty and theme of the sculpture, as well as the crafts and social factors that affect the beauty of the sculpture and the beauty of the sculpture. Due to the different times, the different skills of Saitama tools and jade jade, plus the differences in aesthetic tastes and customs, the use of jade and the role played by jade are different. The style and theme of jade are different in each period. In a variety of ways, competing for beauty.

First, ancient jade culture

Since ancient times, our ancestors have been extremely admired for Jade. They deified the jade. They believed that all things have elves, and their power is incomparable. They can both bless and reduce disasters to human beings. In order to avoid evil, people must be blessed by elves. They believe that jade is the essence of nature and can communicate with the gods of nature. They regard jade as a god and use jade as a medium to communicate with the gods. Thus, jade, jade, C-shaped dragon, jade pig, birds, etc. The jade ornaments of the shape.

Second, the jade culture of the heyday

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, political lords contend for hegemony, and there are hundreds of academic contends. The culture and art are full of flowers and the jade art is brilliant. It is comparable to the Greek and Roman stone carving art of the Mediterranean basin at that time.

At that time, Peiyu was particularly developed. Every scholar-offician, from head to toe, had a series of jade ornaments, especially the jade series under the waist was more complicated. The spirit of the times can reflect the spirit of the dragon, the phoenix and the tiger-shaped jade. The shape is a dynamic and beautiful S-shaped, with a strong Chinese style and national characteristics. Jade belt hooks and jade sword ornaments are also the new jade articles of that period.

In the Han Dynasty, people continued to develop the essence of the Warring States jade carving. In the Han Dynasty, jade articles were divided into four categories: Li Yu, burial jade, jade, and jade. It is the funeral jade that best reflects the characteristics of the jade in the Han Dynasty and the level of carving craftsmanship. In order to pray for the immortality of the body, the burial jade is made of jade, nine scorpion, jade and jade. Because of the identity of the deceased and the official title, Yuyi is divided into gold, silver and bronze. Nine sputum plugs are used to fill or cover the nine pupils of the ear, mouth, mouth, nose, anus and genitals of the deceased. The purpose is to prevent the "fine gas" in the human body from overflowing from the sputum, so as to prevent the bones from rot.

In the long-term historical process, the Chinese have formed a deep-rooted national psychology of respecting the jade and love jade. The concept of deification and spirituality of jade and the viewpoint of special power are rooted in this, and jade culture itself is an important part of Chinese civilization. The components have a far-reaching and far-reaching impact on the history of civilization in China for thousands of years.

3. Jade culture in the era of high civilization

In the era of the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, jade articles were in various poses. The beauty of jade, the fineness of completion, the richness of the shape, the variety of works, and the wide use, are unprecedented. The eight-petal jade cup of the Tang Dynasty, the jade lotus leaf cup of the Southern Song Dynasty, the flower-shaped hollow carving jade of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Yushan Da Yuhai of the Yuan Dynasty, and the Daxie water control map of the Qing Dynasty are all true portrayals of the masterpieces of jade carving art in that period.

In that era, jade articles were closely related to social and cultural life. Scholars used paintings and writings in the study, often using jade as washing, pen holders, ink beds, paperweights, arm rests and other stationery; Daguan nobles and civilians prefer to wear jade. The people of that era, Peiyu, are not simply decorative, not only to express the external beauty, but to express the spiritual world and self-cultivation, that is, to express virtue, but also to reflect human identity, feelings and demeanor. And the role of language communication. The ancient gentleman must wear jade, that is, the gentleman should always use the character of jade to demand himself, regulate the morality of the person, and use the sound of Mingyu to restrict the behavior of the person. "The gentleman must be in the jade", this is the spiritual pillar of the Chinese people's love for the seven thousand years.

4. Jade culture incorporating new ideas

1, health care function

China has a history of 7,000 years of jade and 2,500 years of research on jade, which has earned China a reputation as a "land of jade". The ancients regarded jade as a treasure, and modern people even dig out many health functions of jade:

Jade contains a variety of trace elements beneficial to the human body. Wearing jade can make the trace elements contained in the human body absorb, produce a special "photoelectric effect", focus on energy storage, form an electromagnetic field equivalent to a resonator in an electronic computer, and the human body. Resonance occurs so that the various physiological functions work more harmoniously.

Some jade still have the wonderful physical properties of daylight absorption and nighttime light. Some people think that when the light spot is directed at a certain acupuncture point of the human body, it can stimulate the meridians, clear the organs, and have obvious therapeutic and health care effects. Located on the back of the wrist, there is a "nursing point", often wearing a jade bracelet, which can get a long-term benign massage, which can not only remove the blurred vision of the elderly, but also save energy and spirit.

The mouth contains jade, with the synergy of the nutrients contained in saliva and lysozyme, it can thirst, except for the heat in the stomach, nourishing the heart and lungs, moistening the throat, raising hair, and it is another way to maintain jade.

Today, we use jade as raw material to process various jade products for fitness and health care: jade pillow, jade mat, fitness ball, massager, cane, jade comb, etc., long-term use, have a beauty, calm and soothe the human body The effect can also make you feel refreshed and prolong your life.

2, decorative features

Chinese people's special hobby for jade has been around since ancient times, and loves jade over gold and other gems. In ancient times, "the gentleman has no reason, jade does not leave the body", and nowadays, people still have a heartfelt preference. The variety of styles of modern jade ornaments is various: jade bracelets, jade hairpins, jade pendants, white jade pieces, set of ornaments, jade rings, jade belts, etc., all of which are dazzling, and the specifications and styles are constantly being refurbished. These jade ornaments are carefully worn to give your life and clothing a perfect combination.

With the development of society and the progress of civilization, people's views have also undergone great changes. The realistic thoughts and characteristics of the times bring new connotations to the jade ornaments. Nowadays, the styles, shapes, patterns, creativity and workmanship of jade are greatly improved, and the jade, enjoyment and artistry of jade are emphasized.

Because of the love of jade's unique beauty, people gradually reflect the various situations in society and even life to the image of jade. The hard and warm jade has become a symbol of auspicious Furui, expressing people's yearning for and pursuit of a better life. That is auspicious blessings. Such as the beaming of the eyebrows, Songhe Yannian, Longfeng Chengxiang, Wufu holding life, five sons Dengke, and more than a year, Yu Pei ornaments came into being, they expressed the people's thoughts and aspirations, the future of thoughts and feelings. Here, they are not only a kind of decoration, but also a portrayal of the soul. At the same time, they also reveal beautiful wishes and optimistic emotions, with the charm of speechlessness and the function that all words cannot replace. It can be said that with the harmony of society, it condenses into a unique auspicious artistic language of Chinese, such as homonyms, symbols and symbols, so that creators and appreciators can enjoy and satisfy them, and jump out of shapes and pictures. A three-dimensional, fuller, more fulfilling world. Especially when jade enters the home of the people and is closely integrated with the local culture, it becomes a symbol of wealth, peace and good fortune, which makes the traditional concept of Zunyu and Aiyu deeply rooted in the hearts of Chinese people.

The beauty of jade ornaments is natural, not just natural. It is refracted by the inside and outside, soft and subtle. Peiyu is not a simple decoration, nor is it simply a representation of external beauty. It is a manifestation of the human spiritual world and the process of self-cultivation. It is the embodiment of human identity, feelings, demeanor and language communication. In short, it is the philosophical concept and cultural connotation that people have given to Yu Pei. It is the genius of the masters who combine the natural beauty and the spiritual beauty into one, embedding the humanistic concept and social function into the jade ornament, and the profound nationality. The culture is implicitly embodied in the ordinary works of art. At the same time, it is this kind of humanistic concept that is more vivid and attractive than natural objects. It makes people feel a spirit from the bottom of their hearts when they wear and enjoy. It is more colorful than life. That is to say, the beauty of jade ornaments has already surpassed the beauty of simple styling, craftsmanship and material. It is a kind of regenerative beauty, sublimated beauty, and is the beauty of rich jade culture.

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